THIRTEEN MILE LAMB & WOOL COMPANY

WOOL PROCESSING

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wool mill

A full-service, small-scale natural fiber processing mill is now underway at Thirteen Mile Lamb & Wool Company. We are processing our own wool, and we are doing custom processing for other fiber producers---washing, picking, carding, pin-drafting, felting and semi-worsted spinning. We can produce roving or batts directly off the carder, pin-drafted sliver, felt, or yarns.

We set out to build a mill that is versatile enough to add value to regional fibers, that is consistent with our goals of organic management, and that is a pleasant place to handle the natural fibers that grow, remarkably, from grass. After remodeling, reroofing, and rewiring, the white barn at Thirteen Mile Farm was ready to receive and wool processing equipment in early 2004. With partial financial assistance from Northwest Energy Corporation for renewable energy projects, we hired a local firm to install solar water heating panels on the barn's south-facing roof. This solar energy system supplies most of the hot water needed to run our wool wash tank. An adjacent greenhouse, built primarily to replace the lambing-barn space stolen by the wool mill, also houses drying racks for the wool-washing system.

In Spring 2004 we began washing, picking, carding, pin-drafting, and felting wool.  By early 2005, we began to spin yarn---the last major process to add to the mill.   We now have a variety of carding and spinning experience, ranging from fine fibers like merino and guanaco (a canelid fiber that is finer than alpaca) to longwools like Karakul and Lincoln, and double-coated fibers like Icelandic and Shetland.

yarn
yarn
yarn

 

Tony Blundell's Knitting Sheep showed up on a birthday card twenty years ago from my husband-to-be.   I was a geologist/spinner/knitter, beginning to imagine raising sheep and taking care of a piece of land. Dave, an engineer, was already hallucinating about sheep going in one end of a barn, and sweaters coming out the other. Thirteen Mile Farm hasn't achieved that pinnacle of four-toed, long-tailed, V-neck-sweater-knitting sheep, but this homely beast does convey the hopes of Thirteen Mile Lamb & Wool Co.; to add value to lamb and wool products that grow so well in the Rocky Mountain West; to let sheep live on pasture, like sheep; and to care for our corner of the Gallatin Valley in Southwest Montana.

SOME INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EQUIPMENT AND PROCESSING

WASHING:

Wool scouring is often the weak link in small-scale wool processing. We've done a lot of experimenting to try to avoid the pitfalls that can plague the small operator. We're still refining methods, but our basic system has several useful features, including a custom-built stainless steel tank with an unusual system for diffusing a gentle veil of bubbles up through the wool, avoiding damaging agitation; and temperature controls and tank insulation so that we can avoid temperature shocks and wasted energy.

We do not use harsh chemicals to dissolve vegetable matter or other contaminants. The bottom line is, the cleaner your fiber is to begin with, the better your final product will be.
wash tank

PICKING AND CARDING:

McDermott machinery for picking and carding is the heart of the mill. For especially clean fibers, we can sometimes bypass the machine picking if there is risk of excessive breakage of delicate fibers. Our 32" McDermott carder, with a few Thirteen Mile modifications, has proven capable of handling a wide range of fiber types and lengths from ~2" to 12". We can produce roving or 30" wide batts. You can specify the thickness of either.
roving deck

PIN-DRAFTING:

Our pin-drafter is scaled down from industrial-size versions, although its head of rotating combs is one extracted from an industrial machine. We can produce a carefully drafted sliver for handspinners who seek a light, combed, consistent preparation. All of the roving intended for spinning here at Thirteen Mile goes through the pin-drafter first; that pre-drafting is the basis of the semi-worsted spinning system.
pindrafter

FELTING:

Our felting machine can produce fabric pieces up to 47" wide and 90 " long, in thicknesses ranging up ~3/4 inch. Please call email to discuss your specific felting needs.
felting

SPINNING:

A second spinning frame is the latest (and maybe last?) addition to our mill. With this new equipment we'll be able to do a higher quality spinning job with the shorter fibers (including bison fiber). Things will be a little more efficient as well, because we'll be able to ply on the first machine, and spinning is faster on the new machine. We're short on space, but it looks like this new frame, made by Carolina Specialty, Inc. of North Carolina, will be worth it. The manufacturer (Marcel Deshaies) and Paul Carter (photo at right), spent a few days helping us get the new machine set up and adjusted, and took a little time to hunt for some arrowheads and visit Yellowstone National Park while in the neighborhood.
spin frame

OTHER SERVICES:

We have ample supplies of natural colored and white wool, including Corriedale, Romeldale, and Border Leicester genetics. It is available in roving or batts, or we can use it for blending with your fibers. Occasionally, with some exotic fibers, we require blending with a small amount of wool to enable processing. We do not make any such decisions about your fiber without consulting with you first. Limited dyeing is also available.

Our lamb and wool products are certified organic, and if standards for organic fiber processing become finalized, we anticipate adding that certification. In any case, we will continue to use mild scouring agents without added scents.

THIRTEEN MILE WOOL MILL PRICES

Note:    As a small mill, we provide a set of services that are not easily duplicated. We hope that story is meaningful to you, for we cannot compete with the larger processors based on price alone. We can provide: the ability to handle small lot sizes; customized, quality workmanship on a wide spectrum of fiber types; one stop for the full sequence of processing; a willingness to experiment; our commitment to renewable energy (solar hot water and wool-drying), non-petroleum-based scouring, and participation in a decentralized, rural economy that celebrates the potential of what grass can grow.

 

SCOURING: based on incoming raw weight of fiber. We reserve the right to reject fiber if it is heavily contaminated with vegetable matter, bugs, or if some other reason we think we will not be able to get it clean enough for effective processing. We prefer that you send raw fiber. You may send scoured fiber, but if re-scouring is required for proper performance on our equipment, we must charge accordingly.

$4.00 / lb All fibers
$3.25 / lb For washing your pre-washed fiber (we don't encourage this; it seems it's harder to get a good result with fibers that have been washed, dried, stored and later re-washed
$1.50 / lb For each extra wash that is required
  Note: Our normal wash cycle consists of pre-wash (initial rinse to remove the bulk of dirt), two washes, two rinses. Therefore an extra wash is generally not required. However some particularly greasy fleeces (e.g. rambouillet, corriedale) or fine clays combined with grease demand extra washing.    Fleeces that have been stored for years sometimes require extra washing.

Note: We always sort through the wool in preparation for scouring, but if your fleeces have a lot of unacceptable debris such as burrs, heavy chaff, manure tags, we will need to charge $25/hr. for the extra time required for handling. If the contamination is extreme, we will return the fleece at customer's expense. It's in your best interest to provide well-skirted fiber.

CARDING: based on incoming raw weight of fiber.

$9.00 / lb

Includes wash/pick/card into roving or batts

(Add $3/lb for exotic fibers - alpaca, guanaco, mohair, bison; we do not charge extra for llama unless it is very contaminated)

We can card as little as 2 lbs, but we must charge a minimum of $50 due to machine cleanup time required for all lot sizes.   Note that some mills charge for carding based on finished weight, and some charge based on raw weight.   We choose the latter because it is easiest for you to determine costs up front, and it provides an incentive for you to send us well-skirted wool; the cleaner your clip, the better your deal, and the more efficient our mill will be.

 

PIN-DRAFTING: based on incoming raw weight of fiber

$11.00 / lb

for wash/pick/card/pin-draft into sliver (Add $3/lb for exotic fibers -alpaca, guanaco, mohair, bison)

 

SPINNING:   based on finished weight of yarn.   Price includes drafting and spinning.   See separate fee above for washing/carding, and below for plying/skeining or coning.    The yields from raw wool to carded wool, and from carded wool to yarn vary a lot, depending on grease, dirt and vegetable matter, and on fiber type and tip damage.   That is why we must institute separate fees for washing/carding (based on raw weight)   vs. drafting/spinning (based on finished weight).     Otherwise growers with clean wool end up getting penalized, which is illogical and unfair, OR we end up bearing the increased labor and maintenance costs of handling contaminated or damaged wool; that will quickly force us out of business.

We strive for as high a yield as possible, but we can't make predictions before we try out your fiber.   Our spinning frame can handle staple lengths ranging from 2.5 to 12 inches.   If you have a sample of the yarn style you would like us to match, send it along with your fiber.   Otherwise give us as much description of your objectives as possible: twists per inch, yards per   pound, etc.   If you'd rather have us make an assessment of a suitable yarn for your fiber, we're happy to do that. The spinning frame does seem to run most smoothly at particular speeds for particular fibers.

If we observe characteristics of your fiber that we believe may hinder a consistent, attractive, spin (e.g. gummy tips, weak fibers, excessive short fibers), we'll discuss that with you before beginning processing. You may choose to have us proceed at your risk (sometimes imperfect fibers yield imperfect, funky, wonderful yarns), though we reserve the right to reject fibers for spinning in cases of extreme contamination or other problems.

$18.60 / lb*

for drafting/spinning into ~800-1600 yards/lb singles, i.e. suitable for knitting worsted and bulky weight 2-ply yarns.

$19.80 / lb*

for drafting/spinning into >=2400 yards/lb singles, i.e. suitable for sportweight and finer 2-ply yarns, or knitted worsted 3-ply yarns.

* For lot sizes less than 10 lbs finished weight, there is a setup fee of $45

 

PLYING   2- or 3-ply

$1.50 / lb Call to discuss pricing and feasibility for more than 3-ply

SKEINS

$0.30 / lb

To exact skein weight. No extra charge for skeining whatever weight is on bobbins

CONES

$0.20 per cone

FELTING

$20.00 / lb

Basic charge for plain felt; Please request quote for specific felting jobs

*  Prices are subject to change without notice

 

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THIRTEEN MILE LAMB & WOOL COMPANY
13000 Springhill Road
Belgrade, Montana 59714
Tel. (406) 388-4945
becky@lambandwool.com